Kana · yuuniji

Table of Contents

How to Master Japanese - This article is part of a series.

Part 1: Language Acquisition

Part 2: Pitch Accent

Part 3: This Article

Part 4: Grammar & Syntax

Part 5: Irodori（いろどり）

Part 6: Japanese Learning Resources

★Hiragana
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You can read more about Hiragana on Wikipedia.

Hiragana syllabograms
	Monographs (gojūon)					Digraphs (yōon)
	a	i	u	e	o	ya	yu	yo
∅	あ a [a]	い i [i]	う u [ɯ]	え e [e]	お o [o]
K	か ka [ka]	き ki [ki]	く ku [kɯ]	け ke [ke]	こ ko [ko]	きゃ kya [kʲa]	きゅ kyu [kʲɯ]	きょ kyo [kʲo]
S	さ sa [sa]	し shi [ɕi]	す su [sɯ]	せ se [se]	そ so [so]	しゃ sha [ɕa]	しゅ shu [ɕɯ]	しょ sho [ɕo]
T	た ta [ta]	ち chi [tɕi]	つ tsu [tsɯ]	て te [te]	と to [to]	ちゃ cha [tɕa]	ちゅ chu [tɕɯ]	ちょ cho [tɕo]
N	な na [na]	に ni [ɲi]	ぬ nu [nɯ]	ね ne [ne]	の no [no]	にゃ nya [ɲa]	にゅ nyu [ɲɯ]	にょ nyo [ɲo]
H	は ha [ha]	ひ hi [çi]	ふ fu [ɸɯ]	へ he [he]	ほ ho [ho]	ひゃ hya [ça]	ひゅ hyu [çɯ]	ひょ hyo [ço]
M	ま ma	み mi	む mu [mɯ]	め me [me]	も mo [mo]	みゃ mya [mʲa]	みゅ myu [mʲɯ]	みょ myo [mʲo]
Y	や ya [ja]	𛄟 i [i]	ゆ yu [jɯ]	𛄟 e [e]	よ yo [jo]
R	ら ra [ɾa]	り ri [ɾi]	る ru [ɾɯ]	れ re [ɾe]	ろ ro [ɾo]	りゃ rya [ɾʲa]	りゅ ryu [ɾʲɯ]	りょ ryo [ɾʲo]
W	わ wa [wa]	ゐ i [i]	𛄟 u [ɯ]	ゑ e [e]	を o^[a] [o]
	Monographs (gojūon) with diacritics (dakuten, handakuten)					Digraphs (yōon) with diacritics (dakuten, handakuten)
	a	i	u	e	o	ya	yu	yo
G	が ga [ga]	ぎ gi [gi]	ぐ gu [gɯ]	げ ge [ge]	ご go [go]	ぎゃ gya [ɡʲa]	ぎゅ gyu [ɡʲɯ]	ぎょ gyo [ɡʲo]
Z	ざ za [(d)za]	じ ji [(d)ʑi]	ず zu [(d)zɯ]	ぜ ze [(d)ze]	ぞ zo [(d)zo]	じゃ ja [(d)ʑa]	じゅ ju [(d)ʑɯ]	じょ jo [(d)ʑo]
D	だ da [da]	ぢ ji [(d)ʑi]	づ zu [(d)zɯ]	で de [de]	ど do [do]	ぢゃ ja [(d)ʑa]	ぢゅ ju [(d)ʑɯ]	ぢょ jo [(d)ʑo]
B	ば ba [ba]	び bi [bi]	ぶ bu [bɯ]	べ be [be]	ぼ bo [bo]	びゃ bya [bʲa]	びゅ byu [bʲɯ]	びょ byo [bʲo]
P	ぱ pa [pa]	ぴ pi [pi]	ぷ pu [pɯ]	ぺ pe [pe]	ぽ po [po]	ぴゃ pya [pʲa]	ぴゅ pyu [pʲɯ]	ぴょ pyo [pʲo]
	Final nasal monograph (hatsuon)
	n
	ん n [m n ɲ ŋ ɴ ɰ̃]

★Katakana
#

You can read more about Katakana on Wikipedia.

Katakana syllabograms
	Monographs (gojūon)					Digraphs (yōon)
	a	i	u	e	o	ya	yu	yo
∅	ア a [a]	イ i [i]	ウ u [ɯ]	エ e [e]	オ o [o]
K	カ ka [ka]	キ ki [ki]	ク ku [kɯ]	ケ ke [ke]	コ ko [ko]	キャ kya [kʲa]	キュ kyu [kʲɯ]	キョ kyo [kʲo]
S	サ sa [sa]	シ shi [ɕi]	ス su [sɯ]	セ se [se]	ソ so [so]	シャ sha [ɕa]	シュ shu [ɕɯ]	ショ sho [ɕo]
T	タ ta [ta]	チ chi [tɕi]	ツ tsu [tsɯ]	テ te [te]	ト to [to]	チャ cha [t͡ɕa]	チュ chu [t͡ɕɯ]	チョ cho [t͡ɕo]
N	ナ na [na]	ニ ni [ɲi]	ヌ nu [nɯ]	ネ ne [ne]	ノ no [no]	ニャ nya [ɲa]	ニュ nyu [ɲɯ]	ニョ nyo [ɲo]
H	ハ ha [ha]	ヒ hi [çi]	フ fu [ɸɯ]	ヘ he [he]	ホ ho [ho]	ヒャ hya [ça]	ヒュ hyu [çɯ]	ヒョ hyo [ço]
M	マ ma	ミ mi	ム mu [mɯ]	メ me [me]	モ mo [mo]	ミャ mya [mʲa]	ミュ myu [mʲɯ]	ミョ myo [mʲo]
Y	ヤ ya [ja]	𛄟 yi ([i])^{[n 2]}	ユ yu [jɯ]	エ ye [je] / [e]^{[n 3]}	ヨ yo [jo]
R	ラ ra [ɾa]	リ ri [ɾi]	ル ru [ɾɯ]	レ re [ɾe]	ロ ro [ɾo]	リャ rya [ɾʲa]	リュ ryu [ɾʲɯ]	リョ ryo [ɾʲo]
W	ワ wa [wa]	ヰ wi [wi] / [i]^{[n 4]}	𛄟 wu ([ɯ])^{[n 2]}	ヱ we [we] / [e]^{[n 4]}	ヲ wo [wo] / [o]^{[n 4]}
	Monographs with diacritics: gojūon with (han)dakuten					Digraphs with diacritics: yōon with (han)dakuten
	a	i	u	e	o	ya	yu	yo
G	ガ ga [ga]	ギ gi [gi]	グ gu [gɯ]	ゲ ge [ge]	ゴ go [go]	ギャ gya [ɡʲa]	ギュ gyu [ɡʲɯ]	ギョ gyo [ɡʲo]
Z	ザ za [(d)za]	ジ ji [(d)ʑi]	ズ zu [(d)zɯ]	ゼ ze [(d)ze]	ゾ zo [(d)zo]	ジャ ja [(d)ʑa]	ジュ ju [(d)ʑɯ]	ジョ jo [(d)ʑo]
D	ダ da [da]	ヂ ji [(d)ʑi]^{[n 5]}	ヅ zu [(d)zɯ]^{[n 5]}	デ de [de]	ド do [do]	ヂャ ja [(d)ʑa]^{[n 5]}	ヂュ ju [(d)ʑɯ]^{[n 5]}	ヂョ jo [(d)ʑo]^{[n 5]}
B	バ ba [ba]	ビ bi [bi]	ブ bu [bɯ]	ベ be [be]	ボ bo [bo]	ビャ bya [bʲa]	ビュ byu [bʲɯ]	ビョ byo [bʲo]
P	パ pa [pa]	ピ pi [pi]	プ pu [pɯ]	ペ pe [pe]	ポ po [po]	ピャ pya [pʲa]	ピュ pyu [pʲɯ]	ピョ pyo [pʲo]
	Final nasal monograph
	n
	ン n [m n ɲ ŋ ɴ ɰ̃]