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Kana

·822 words·4 mins·
yuuniji
Author
yuuniji
Table of Contents
How to Master Japanese - This article is part of a series.
Part 3: This Article

★Hiragana
#

You can read more about Hiragana on Wikipedia.

Hiragana syllabograms
Monographs (gojūon) Digraphs (yōon)
a i u e o ya yu yo

a [a]

i [i]

u [ɯ]

e [e]

o [o]
K
ka [ka]

ki [ki]

ku [kɯ]

ke [ke]

ko [ko]
きゃ
kya [kʲa]
きゅ
kyu [kʲɯ]
きょ
kyo [kʲo]
S
sa [sa]

shi [ɕi]

su [sɯ]

se [se]

so [so]
しゃ
sha [ɕa]
しゅ
shu [ɕɯ]
しょ
sho [ɕo]
T
ta [ta]

chi [tɕi]

tsu [tsɯ]

te [te]

to [to]
ちゃ
cha [tɕa]
ちゅ
chu [tɕɯ]
ちょ
cho [tɕo]
N
na [na]

ni [ɲi]

nu [nɯ]

ne [ne]

no [no]
にゃ
nya [ɲa]
にゅ
nyu [ɲɯ]
にょ
nyo [ɲo]
H
ha [ha]

hi [çi]

fu [ɸɯ]

he [he]

ho [ho]
ひゃ
hya [ça]
ひゅ
hyu [çɯ]
ひょ
hyo [ço]
M
ma

mi

mu [mɯ]

me [me]

mo [mo]
みゃ
mya [mʲa]
みゅ
myu [mʲɯ]
みょ
myo [mʲo]
Y
ya [ja]
𛄟
i [i]

yu [jɯ]
𛄟
e [e]

yo [jo]
R
ra [ɾa]

ri [ɾi]

ru [ɾɯ]

re [ɾe]

ro [ɾo]
りゃ
rya [ɾʲa]
りゅ
ryu [ɾʲɯ]
りょ
ryo [ɾʲo]
W
wa [wa]

i [i]
𛄟
u [ɯ]

e [e]

o[a] [o]
Monographs (gojūon) with diacritics (dakuten, handakuten) Digraphs (yōon) with diacritics (dakuten, handakuten)
a i u e o ya yu yo
G
ga [ga]

gi [gi]

gu [gɯ]

ge [ge]

go [go]
ぎゃ
gya [ɡʲa]
ぎゅ
gyu [ɡʲɯ]
ぎょ
gyo [ɡʲo]
Z
za [(d)za]

ji [(d)ʑi]

zu [(d)zɯ]

ze [(d)ze]

zo [(d)zo]
じゃ
ja [(d)ʑa]
じゅ
ju [(d)ʑɯ]
じょ
jo [(d)ʑo]
D
da [da]

ji [(d)ʑi]

zu [(d)zɯ]

de [de]

do [do]
ぢゃ
ja [(d)ʑa]
ぢゅ
ju [(d)ʑɯ]
ぢょ
jo [(d)ʑo]
B
ba [ba]

bi [bi]

bu [bɯ]

be [be]

bo [bo]
びゃ
bya [bʲa]
びゅ
byu [bʲɯ]
びょ
byo [bʲo]
P
pa [pa]

pi [pi]

pu [pɯ]

pe [pe]

po [po]
ぴゃ
pya [pʲa]
ぴゅ
pyu [pʲɯ]
ぴょ
pyo [pʲo]
Final nasal monograph (hatsuon)
n

n [m n ɲ ŋ ɴ ɰ̃]

★Katakana
#

You can read more about Katakana on Wikipedia.

Katakana syllabograms
Monographs (gojūon) Digraphs (yōon)
a i u e o ya yu yo

a [a]

i [i]

u [ɯ]

e [e]

o [o]
K
ka [ka]

ki [ki]

ku [kɯ]

ke [ke]

ko [ko]
キャ
kya [kʲa]
キュ
kyu [kʲɯ]
キョ
kyo [kʲo]
S
sa [sa]

shi [ɕi]

su [sɯ]

se [se]

so [so]
シャ
sha [ɕa]
シュ
shu [ɕɯ]
ショ
sho [ɕo]
T
ta [ta]

chi [tɕi]

tsu [tsɯ]

te [te]

to [to]
チャ
cha [t͡ɕa]
チュ
chu [t͡ɕɯ]
チョ
cho [t͡ɕo]
N
na [na]

ni [ɲi]

nu [nɯ]

ne [ne]

no [no]
ニャ
nya [ɲa]
ニュ
nyu [ɲɯ]
ニョ
nyo [ɲo]
H
ha [ha]

hi [çi]

fu [ɸɯ]

he [he]

ho [ho]
ヒャ
hya [ça]
ヒュ
hyu [çɯ]
ヒョ
hyo [ço]
M
ma

mi

mu [mɯ]

me [me]

mo [mo]
ミャ
mya [mʲa]
ミュ
myu [mʲɯ]
ミョ
myo [mʲo]
Y
ya [ja]
𛄟
yi ([i])[n 2]

yu [jɯ]

ye [je] / [e][n 3]

yo [jo]
R
ra [ɾa]

ri [ɾi]

ru [ɾɯ]

re [ɾe]

ro [ɾo]
リャ
rya [ɾʲa]
リュ
ryu [ɾʲɯ]
リョ
ryo [ɾʲo]
W
wa [wa]

wi [wi] / [i][n 4]
𛄟
wu ([ɯ])[n 2]

we [we] / [e][n 4]

wo [wo] / [o][n 4]
Monographs with diacritics: gojūon with (han)dakuten Digraphs with diacritics: yōon with (han)dakuten
a i u e o ya yu yo
G
ga [ga]

gi [gi]

gu [gɯ]

ge [ge]

go [go]
ギャ
gya [ɡʲa]
ギュ
gyu [ɡʲɯ]
ギョ
gyo [ɡʲo]
Z
za [(d)za]

ji [(d)ʑi]

zu [(d)zɯ]

ze [(d)ze]

zo [(d)zo]
ジャ
ja [(d)ʑa]
ジュ
ju [(d)ʑɯ]
ジョ
jo [(d)ʑo]
D
da [da]

ji [(d)ʑi][n 5]

zu [(d)zɯ][n 5]

de [de]

do [do]
ヂャ
ja [(d)ʑa][n 5]
ヂュ
ju [(d)ʑɯ][n 5]
ヂョ
jo [(d)ʑo][n 5]
B
ba [ba]

bi [bi]

bu [bɯ]

be [be]

bo [bo]
ビャ
bya [bʲa]
ビュ
byu [bʲɯ]
ビョ
byo [bʲo]
P
pa [pa]

pi [pi]

pu [pɯ]

pe [pe]

po [po]
ピャ
pya [pʲa]
ピュ
pyu [pʲɯ]
ピョ
pyo [pʲo]
Final nasal monograph
n

n [m n ɲ ŋ ɴ ɰ̃]
How to Master Japanese - This article is part of a series.
Part 3: This Article